What term measures total income earned by a country's residents and businesses, including income from abroad?

What term measures total income earned by a country's residents and businesses, including income from abroad?

• A. GDP
• B. GNI
• C. HDI
• D. MPI

Answer: (B)

Gross National Income captures the total income earned by a country’s residents and businesses, including income they earn from abroad. It combines domestic production (the income counted in GDP) with net factor income from abroad—income residents receive from overseas minus income foreigners earn domestically. So if many residents work overseas or own overseas investments, GNI rises; if foreign firms operate in the country and send profits abroad, that income doesn’t boost residents’ total as much. The other terms focus on development or poverty, not total national income.

Gross National Income captures the total income earned by a country’s residents and businesses, including income they earn from abroad. It combines domestic production (the income counted in GDP) with net factor income from abroad—income residents receive from overseas minus income foreigners earn domestically. So if many residents work overseas or own overseas investments, GNI rises; if foreign firms operate in the country and send profits abroad, that income doesn’t boost residents’ total as much. The other terms focus on development or poverty, not total national income.